Mapindikidwe kulimbikitsa mkulu-anzanu aloyi chitoliro

Mkulu-anzanu aloyi chitoliro mapindikidwe kulimbitsa akugwiritsa ntchito njira mapindikidwe a zitsulo kulimbitsa.Kumatchedwanso kuti kuuma mtima kapena kuumitsa ntchito.Mphamvu ya zinthu pa macro (kapena yonse) kuthekera kokana mapindikidwe (kapena kupsinjika kwakuyenda).Kuuma ndi kuthekera kwazinthu kukana kupunduka kwa pulasitiki komwe kumapezeka (kaya kuuma kwapang'ono, kuuma kwa Vickers, kulimba kwa Rockwell kapena kulimba kwa Brinell).Onsewa amakhala ndi mgwirizano wofanana nthawi zambiri.Kulimba kwazinthu, kukana kwambiri kusinthika kwa pulasitiki, kumapangitsanso kuuma kwamtengo.Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, kuuma kwa zinthuzo kukukwera, zinthuzo zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa brittleness, mphamvu zake sizimasonyezedwa mokwanira mu chiwerengero cha mphamvu zotere sichili chapamwamba.

Pakuti yaitali pansi mankhwala kutentha, ndi ntchito zinthu mu kutentha bwino pansi pa recrystallization kutentha kwa mkulu-anzanu aloyi chitoliro zitsulo chitoliro zakuthupi (monga otsika mpweya otsika aloyi zitsulo), nthawi zambiri ntchito ozizira (ozizira mapindikidwe) kotero kuti mwa mapindikidwe kulimbikitsa kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu.Choncho, mapindikidwe kulimbikitsa akamanena ali mu recrystallization kutentha zinthu mu mapindikidwe ozizira zotsatirazi, ndi mlingo wa mapindikidwe (kupsyinjika) akuchulukirachulukira, chifukwa mkulu kachulukidwe wa dislocations (crystal zilema), ndi apamwamba dislocation kachulukidwe mu kristalo. , Kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa kupititsa patsogolo, ndiko kuti kupanikizika kwakukulu kothamanga.Pambuyo mapindikidwe otaya nkhawa zitsulo sayenera kukhala wofanana pamaso mapindikidwe otaya kupsyinjika kuphatikiza mapindikidwe owonjezera kulimbikitsa otaya nkhawa.Kugwiritsa ntchito mapindikidwe kulimbitsa kuti akwaniritse zinthu zachitsulo zamphamvu kwambiri, zomwe zimakhala ndi waya wachitsulo wokhala ndi mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya wozizira komanso waya wochepa wa carbon low-alloy duplex zitsulo zozizira.

Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa digiri ya mapindikidwe, mphamvu zakuthupi ndi kuuma kwapamwamba kwambiri, koma ductility ndi kulimba kwake nthawi zambiri kumatsika ndi kutsika, kumangokhalira kuphulika, zomwe zimafuna kulimba kuti achitepo kanthu kuti athetse vutoli.Internal kuchititsa mu martensitic gawo kusintha gawo kuziziritsa kwa kuumitsa, thunthu lake lakuthupi, ndi wa mapindikidwe kulimbikitsa, koma nthawi ino osati mapindikidwe kunja, koma ndondomeko ya kusintha martensitic kuchokera crystal High-kachulukidwe malo palokha kukameta ubweya kwaiye molakwika.